Preheat the oven to 400°F (200°C) and line a baking sheet with parchment paper.
Mix the dry ingredients — whisk together flour, sugar, baking powder, and salt in a large bowl until evenly combined.
Cut in the butter — add the cold butter cubes and work them into the flour using a pastry cutter or your fingertips until the mixture resembles coarse, uneven crumbs.
Add the wet ingredients — whisk together the heavy cream, egg, and vanilla, then pour into the dry mixture. Stir gently until the dough just starts to come together.
Fold in the chocolate chips — add the chips and fold in with a light hand until evenly distributed. Do not overmix.
Shape the dough — turn onto a lightly floured surface and pat into a 1-inch thick circle. Cut into 8 equal wedges.
Bake — place wedges on the prepared baking sheet, brush tops with heavy cream, and sprinkle with coarse sugar if using. Bake for 18–22 minutes until deep golden brown.
Cool and serve — rest on the pan for 10 minutes before serving. Enjoy warm as-is or with butter and jam.