Prepare the Dough: Bring the pizza dough to room temperature so it becomes soft and easy to work with. Lightly flour your work surface and roll the dough into a large rectangle.
Spread the Pesto: Spread the basil pesto evenly over the dough, leaving a small border around the edges. Avoid using too much pesto, as excess moisture can make the rolls difficult to shape.
Add the Cheese: Sprinkle the shredded mozzarella evenly over the pesto, followed by the grated Parmesan. Make sure the cheese is distributed evenly so every roll has a delicious cheesy center.
Roll the Dough: Starting from one long side, carefully roll the dough into a tight log. Roll gently and evenly to keep the pesto and cheese securely inside.
Cut Into Rolls: Using a sharp knife, cut the dough log into approximately 12 evenly sized rolls. Try to keep the pieces similar in size so they bake evenly.
Arrange and Prepare for Baking: Place the rolls in a lightly greased baking dish, leaving a little space between each one. Cover loosely and let them rest in a warm area for about 30 minutes, or until they look slightly puffy.
Prepare the Garlic Butter: Melt the butter and stir in the minced garlic, Italian seasoning, and black pepper. Brush the garlic butter generously over the tops of the prepared rolls.
Bake Until Golden: Preheat the oven to 375°F. Bake the rolls for about 20–22 minutes, or until they are puffed, golden brown, and the mozzarella is melted.
Finish and Serve: Remove the rolls from the oven and let them cool slightly. Sprinkle with fresh basil and additional Parmesan if desired. Serve warm while the cheese is still soft and gooey.